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№3(6) 2023

Укр

DOI 10.37219/2528-8253-2023-3-54

Lukach EV, Sambur MB, Serezhko YO

MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES AND THEIR INHIBITORS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
OF PATIENTS WITH LARYNGEAL CANCER

 

Lukach Erwin V
State Institution “O.S. Kolomiychenko Institute of Otolaryngology of National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine”; Kyiv, Ukraine
Head of Department of Oncological Diseases of ENT Organs
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: erwin@lukach.org
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3262-4996
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6602607907
Sambur Marina B
State Institution “O.S. Kolomiychenko Institute of Otolaryngology of National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine”; Kyiv, Ukraine
Deputy Director for Research
Doctor of Medical Sciences
Email: mbsambur@gmail.com
ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9347-2829
Serezhko Yuri O
State Institution “O.S. Kolomiychenko Institute of Otolaryngology of National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine”; Kyiv, Ukraine
Department of Oncological Diseases of ENT Organs
Senior Researcher
PhD
E-mail: yualse2016@ukr.net

Abstract

According to the cancer registry data for 2020, the incidence of laryngeal cancer in Ukraine is 4.1 per 100,000 populations and is characterized by a high level of morbidity, mortality and annual mortality. Attention is drawn to the problem of the growth of the number of cancer patients in recent years, which is associated with the epidemic of COVID-19, which had a significant impact on both the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of pathology and the features of its clinical course, which in turn determines the relevance of in-depth study of various elements of the malignant neoplasms pathogenesis and the search for new methods of their early diagnosis and effective approaches to the treatment of patients.

This review examines the results of studies of the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors in the development of oncological processes, in particular, their importance for the pathogenesis of cancer, its progression and metastasis.

It has been shown that MMPs affect the growth of cancer tumors by cleaving various specific substrates (collagen, elastin, fibronectin, etc.), thereby playing a decisive role in the degradation of the basement membrane and components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is an important factor in the cellular microenvironment and plays a significant role in the development and regulation of normal tissues and homeostasis. By cleaving the extracellular matrix, MMPs play a crucial role in the formation, remodeling of ECM and angiogenesis of blood vessels by regulating the functions or behavior of stem/progenitor and vascular cells and are therefore recognized to be responsible for the differentiation, apoptosis, migration, tumor angiogenesis, growth, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Numerous stimuli that are disease risk factors, such as oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, hemodynamic problems, hormones, and hypoxia, that provoke the expression and activation of MMPs are presented. Data on the structure and classification of MMP are presented (given).

The review examines data on tissue MMP inhibitors (TIMPs), antibodies and chemically synthesized MMP inhibitors, which provide negative control of MMP action, demonstrate a certain effect on weakening pathological changes. Some of them can be considered as a significant prognostic indicator of survival without metastasis and disease recurrence. The possibility of their use in the strategy of effective fight against malignant neoplasms is considered

Keywords: malignant neoplasms; matrix metalloproteinases, extracellular matrix, inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases.

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