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DOI 10.37219/2528-8253-2025-3-4-62

Popovych V, Koshel I, Bezdetko N, Volianskyi A
THE ROLE OF MICROBIOME CHANGES IN THE FORMATION OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT AND THE POTENTIAL OF TOPICAL ANTIBIOTICS IN THEIR CORRECTION. ANALYTICAL REVIEW
Popovych Vasyl I
Lviv Medical University
Head of the Department of Surgery №1
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: popovychvasyl@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2898-8474
Koshel Ivanna V.
Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University
Head of the Department of Otolaryngology with a course in head and neck surgery
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: ivannakoshel@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-4537
Scopus Author ID: 57218684995
Bezdetko Nataly
Institute for Advanced Training of Pharmacy Specialists of National University of Pharmacy of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology
E-mail: bezdetkofarm@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0274-2203
Scopus Author ID: 6508203092
ResearcherID: S-4851-2018
Volianskyi Andrii
Immunology and Microbiology Institute named by Mechnikov, Ukranian Medical Academy of sciences, the chief of immunorehabilitation lab
E-mail: volianskyiandrii@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6868-6702

Abstract

Chronic nasopharyngitis (CNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are both common diseases that affect the quality of life and making secondary pathology, especially in children. The clinical symptoms of CNP and CRS mostly coincide, and the pathogenesis in both cases is based on chronic inflammation. Despite the fact that the pathogenetic role of bacterial infection in these processes development has not been proven, there is a hypothesis that changes in the upper respiratory tract microbiome play a significant role in the development of these diseases.

 The article presents a review of current ideas about the role of the microbiome and bacterial biofilms in the pathogenesis of CNP and CRS. The key etiopathogenetic mechanisms are considered, including immune dysfunction of the mucosal barrier, microbial dysbiosis, and the formation of biofilms that contribute to the persistence of inflammation. The focus is on the ineffectiveness of systemic antibiotic therapy in the fight against biofilms, which necessitates the search for alternative approaches. A separate section is devoted to the possibilities of intranasal administration of antibiotics, in particular framycetin solution (Izofra nasal spray), as a promising and safe strategy for local therapy.

The authors emphasize the need for further clinical studies to optimize treatment tactics for CNF and CRS, taking into account the need to influence the microbial component of the complex pathogenesis of chronic inflammation.

Keywords: nasopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, dysbiosis, treatment, framycetin.

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