Pukhlik SM, Bohdanov VK
DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF IMMUNOMODULATORS ON IMMUNOLOGICAL
PARAMETERS OF BLOOD SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH PERENNIAL ALLERGIC RHINITIS
Pukhlik Sergey M
Odesa National Medical University
Head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: lor@te.net.ua
Orchid ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7196-9642
Scopus Author ID: 6506298353
Bohdanov Viktor K.
Odessa National medical University
Department of Otorhinolaryngology
Aspirant
ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0051-0030
Abstract
Topicality: Understanding the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis (AR) is crucial for the development of new treatments for this disease. The normal functioning of the immune system is based on the balance of Th1 and Th2 cells, based on their production of regulatory cytokines. The imbalance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines plays a key role in the implementation of allergic inflammation, which we decided to study.
Objective: To evaluate changes in some immune response factors inherent in perennial allergic rhinitis under the influence of the biomass of tinder fungi (Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma applanatum).
Materials and methods: 40 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) (main group) were examined, of which 15 (37.5%) were men and 25 (62.5%) were women. The average age of the patients was 37.58±14.3. The duration of the disease ranged from 6 months to 2 years. Patients in the main group were divided into 2 subgroups: 1 (20 patients) – patients receiving basic therapy (orally 1 tablet (10 mg loratadine) once a day + Nasonex 2 injections (50 mcg each) into each nostril once a day (total daily dose – 200 mcg)); 2 (20 patients) – patients receiving basic therapy + Astmagan (Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma applanatum) 1 caps. 2 times a day. The course of treatment was 90 days. The control group consisted of 25 healthy individuals.
Results: Our studies have shown that patients with PAR who received basic therapy with Astmaghan showed a statistically significant improvement in the content of IL-2 and IL-10 cytokines and the level of CD25+ T-lymphocytes reaches the level of the control group.
Conclusions:
- It was found that in patients with PAR before treatment, statistically significant, four times higher IL-10 (p=0.0001) and two times lower IL-2 (p=0.0001) compared to the control group.
- It was determined that the relative number of activated CD25+ T-lymphocytes in patients with PAR was increased by 40% compared to the control group (p=0.0001).
- It was found that the inclusion of tinder fungus macromycetes (Astmagan) in the basic therapy of patients with year-round allergic rhinitis promotes a greater and statistically significant decrease in IL-10 levels and an increase in IL-2 levels; improving the immune response of the patient’s body, and the level of CD25+ T-lymphocytes reaches the level of the control group.
Key words: perennial allergic rhinitis, treatment, macromycetes, Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma applanatum, IL-2, IL-10, CD25+, Th1 cytokine, Th2 cytokine.
References
- Gluzman DF, Sklyarenko LM, Nadgornaya VA, Kryachok IA. [Diagnostic immunocytochemistry of tumours]. Kiev: Morion; 2003. 156 p. [In Russian].
- Kuznetsova LV, Babajan VD, Kharchenko NV, editors. Immunology: textbook. Vinnitsa: Mercury Podillia; 2013. 560 p. [In Ukrainian].
- Kazmirchuk VE, Kovalchuk LV, Maltsev DV. [Clinical immunology and allergology with age specifics]. Kyiv: Medicine; 2012. 520 p. [In Russian].
- Bhardwaj N, Katyal P, Sharma AK. Suppression of inflammatory and allergic responses by pharmacologically potent fungus Ganoderma lucidum. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2014;8(2):104-17. doi: 10.2174/1872213×08666140619110657.
- Herzmann C, Cuthbertson Z, Fosdick L, Fisher M, Nelson M, Perry N, Law M, Wand H, Janossy G, Johnson MA, Youle MJ. Long-term clinical and surrogate marker effects of subcutaneous intermittent interleukin-2 without antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. Antimicrob Chemother. 2008 Sep;62(3):583-6. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkn238.
- Jayaprakasam B, Yang N, Wen MC, Wang R, Goldfarb J, Sampson H, Li XM. Constituents of the anti-asthma herbal formula ASHMI(TM) synergistically inhibit IL-4 and IL-5 secretion by murine Th2 memory cells, and eotaxin by human lung fibroblasts in vitro. J Integr Med. 2013 May;11(3):195-205. doi: 10.3736/jintegrmed2013029.
- Liu C, Cao M, Yang N, Reid-Adam J, Tversky J, Zhan J, Li XM. Time-dependent dual beneficial modulation of interferon-γ, interleukin 5, and Treg cytokines in asthma patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells by ganoderic acid B. Phytother Res. 2022 Mar;36(3):1231-1240. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7266.
- Husna SMH, Tan H-TT, Shukri NMd, Ashari NSM, Wong KK. Allergic Rhinitis: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Apr 7:9:874114. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.874114.
- Wang Z, Tan F. The blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway promotes the apoptosis of CD19+ CD25+ Bregs and suppresses the secretion of IL-10 in patients with allergic rhinitis. Scand J Immunol. 2020 Feb;91(2):e12836. doi: 10.1111/sji.12836.